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Why Businessmen Make Bad Investors
By Barton Biggs
September 23-24, 2006

What makes investing (and the investment business for that matter) so difficult and dislocating is that it has violent, long boom/bust secular cycles. Secular cycles occur once in a generation. The booms last at least a decade and often longer, and the busts often are shorter but destroy lives, fortunes, and business models. The word cyclical comes from cycle which, according to Webster’s dictionary, is “a round of years or a recurring period of time in which certain events or phenomena repeat themselves in the same order.”

Secular cycles, both in markets and sectors of the market, make a big investment management firm a very conflicting enterprise to manage if you are a businessperson , because the rational things to do to maximize short-term profitability are exactly the wrong things from both an investment and a long-term profitability point of view. For example, during 2000, even as the bubble was bursting, Morgan Stanley Investment Management, which has a business-dominated management, acted like businessmen; they heavily promoted the underwriting of technology and aggressive growth stock funds because those were the funds the salespeople could sell and that the public would buy. Management was not evil; they were doing what they thought was right. Large amounts of public money were raised and very quickly lost. Short-term sales profits were collected at the expense of, not only the public, but the firm’s long-term credibility and profitability.

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The firm erred in the other direction in the spring of 2003 when it shut down its Asian Equity Fund, which it had invested exclusively in the Asia ex Japan markets. The fund had shrunk from $350 million 10 years earlier when the Asian Miracle was on everyone’s lips, to less than $10 million. At that level of assets, it was a clear money-losing proposition, so it was the right, short-term business decision to close it down. At the time, there didn’t seem to be any interest in Asia. However, the smaller Asian markets were then incredibly cheap, the economies of the area were surging, and Asian equities were exactly the right place to be.

I argued vociferously to keep the fund open, and maintained that, as the markets rallied, new assets would come. To no avail. No one agreed with me, and the fact that they didn’t was a buy signal. If only public investors and the managements of profit-driven investment management companies could understand how important it is to not mindlessly follow the crowd. An Australian oil man, John Masters, expressed it succinctly in one of his annual reports.

You have to recognize that every “out-front” maneuver is going to be lonely. But if you feel entirely comfortable, then you’re not far enough ahead to do any good. That warm sense of everything going well is usually the body temperature at the center of the herd. Only if you’re far enough ahead to be at risk do you have a chance for large rewards.

Good investing,

Barton Biggs

-Extract taken from Hedgehogging. Copyright © 2006 By Barton Biggs. Reprinted by arrangement with John Wiley & Sons, Inc.


 

Editor’s Note: Barton Biggs spent thirty years at Morgan Stanley. By the mid-1990s, Morgan Stanley Asset Management was annually adding more new institutional accounts than any of its competitors.

At various times during this period, Biggs was ranked as the

number one U.S. investment strategist by the Institutional Investor magazine poll and then, from 1996 to 2003, as the top ranked global strategist.

In June 2003, Biggs left Morgan Stanley and with two other colleagues formed Traxis Partners—the largest new hedge fund of 2003. Traxis now has well over a billion dollars under its management. Biggs has spoken at forums in every major country and has appeared on CNBC and other programs on more than 300 occasions.

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68

The number of existing commodity-oriented hedge funds, up from 29 three years ago. At the peak of the dot com bubble there were 86 tech-oriented funds, up from 21 four years prior.

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The Mara River
Meets Wall Street

by Tom Dyson
September 18, 2006

This column is not about Africa. It’s about the manic behavior of investors in the commodity markets this month. They’re acting like wildebeest. And right now, the crocodiles are tearing their guts out.

Read On…

Simply Extraordinary
by Dr. Steve Sjuggerud
September 19, 2006

Finding good deals in “traditional” investments is tough nowadays. Stocks, bonds, and real estate are all expensive. So in the last few years, I’ve been studying (and buying) collectibles and antiques.

Read on…

A One-Time Opportunity
In Vintage Gold Coins

by Tom Dyson
September 20, 2006

Because such enormous amounts of money have been channeled into this new issue – even as gold prices have fallen from over $700 to under $600 – demand for regular “generic” gold coins has fallen off a cliff.

Read On…

How To Safely Double Your Money Every Year
by Dan Ferris
September 21, 2006

Buffett's fortune has compounded at an average annual rate of 21.5% a year since 1965—an unparalleled achievement in the investment world. All he did was decide ahead of time what were the best companies in the world…

Read On…

The End of Paris
by Dr. Steve Sjuggerud
September 22, 2006

Unfortunately, France as a country is worse off than I thought (and I already thought it was bad). It’s destined to decline… faster than anyone can imagine…

Read On…

TECH BUBBLE SKEWS HISTORICAL DATA

Robert Shiller is a well-known economist and professor of economics at Yale University. He is best known for his book Irrational Exuberance. Today we borrow his research.

The chart below compares Shiller’s historic p/e data for the S&P 500 with the S&P 500 index.

Note: to calculate the p/e ratio, Shiller has smoothed earnings by using a ten-year average. This dampens the short-term volatility and produces a more useful p/e ratio.

The market has spent 25% of the time at a p/e ratio above 19.21 and 25% of the time at a p/e ratio below 11.54. The chart shows that returns are highest from the stock market when the p/e ratio is low.

When p/e ratios are high, you’d expect returns to suffer. The chart shows otherwise.

The reason for the anomaly: the huge bull market of the late 90s distorted the result.

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